Urinary tract infections are a common problem not only in women;Half of humanity also suffers from this disease but it is less common due to physiological characteristics.The main symptoms of cystitis in men: frequent and painful urination, discomfort and pain in the suprapubic area, impurities in the urine.Therapy involves the use of antibacterial drugs and various procedures.
What is cystitis?
Bacterial infection leads to cystitis.It occurs when pathogens enter the target organ through the urethra.The disease is classified as a lower urinary tract infection.The male urethra is longer than the female urethra, so cystitis is less common in the healthy half of humanity than in women.
Reason
Compliance with simple personal hygiene rules will allow a young man to avoid cystitis with almost one hundred percent probability.At older ages, the risk of disease increases.Cystitis is often caused by other diseases, such as urethral strictures, urinary stones, and chronic sexually transmitted diseases.Weakened immunity is also a cause, and this often occurs due to the use of cytostatics and hormonal drugs.
The cause of cystitis in women is an ascending infection from the urethra, vagina, and anus, while in men the disease spreads from the urethra, epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicles.The presence of urinary problems leading to urethral stricture and urine retention can cause the disease.Obstruction of the urethra by any foreign body, stones, diverticula (protrusion of the organ wall), prostate adenoma can lead to cystitis.
Since it is difficult for the infection to penetrate into the male bladder, cystitis can occur on the background of other diseases, such as vesicular inflammation, orchitis, urethritis, prostatitis and epididymitis.Genitourinary infections occur when infected with ureaplasma, treponema pallidum (syphilis), gonococcus, mycoplasma, staphylococci, streptococci, enterobacteria, enterococci, trichomonas, chlamydia, proteus, herpes virus, cytomegalovirus, papillomavirus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas, fungi (candida), Klebsiella, Listeria or bacteriacoliform.
The infection may also be of a descending nature if caused by renal tuberculosis or pyelonephritis.Favorable conditions for the development of cystitis can be the presence of bad habits, stress, poor nutrition and excessive physical activity.Although sinusitis, flu, and chronic tonsillitis initially affect the respiratory system, they can spread through the bloodstream to other organs and bring bacteria into the bladder.This leads to the fact that cystitis often occurs as a complication of infectious diseases.
The infection can be introduced by doctors in the hospital during catheterization or cystoscopy.Other factors that contribute to the disease include diabetes, hypothermia, stress, lack of sleep, abdominal surgery, prostatectomy, transurethral surgery, and malignant tumors of the urethra and prostate.
The first signs of cystitis in men
If there is suspicion of an inflammatory process, treatment should not be delayed.Cystitis in men is diagnosed and antibiotics are prescribed.The first signs of the disease can be detected independently if:
- urinate frequently
- lower abdominal pain;
- burning when urinating;
- blood, mucus, and pus in urine;
- general weakness, temperature above normal (37°C).
Symptom
Male cystitis is identified by distinct symptoms.The development of the disease in its acute form is manifested by increased frequency of urination, a feeling of difficulty and pain in the lower abdomen and cloudy urine.If these phenomena occur, it is necessary to see a urologist as soon as possible.Frequent urge to urinate is one of the main symptoms of cystitis, while very small amounts of fluid may come out during a bowel movement and urinary incontinence often occurs.
With cystitis, a man may need to make an effort to start urinating.Pain, burning or stinging sensations also occur, which are especially strong at the beginning and end of the urination process.The pain varies in severity and intensity and may be accompanied by discomfort in the penis, perineum and pubic area.Symptoms of cystitis in men are also accompanied by increased body temperature, headache, fatigue, weakness, increased sweating, chills and decreased appetite.
With hemorrhagic and necrotizing cystitis, urine becomes cloudy.There may be blood and mucus in it, and a strong, unpleasant rotting smell appears.Urine output is reduced to 400 ml per day.Symptoms of cystitis in men are mild if observed in chronic form.There is almost no pain, the frequency of urination is slightly increased, and there is only mucus in the urine.This form of the disease has periods of severity and remission.
Chronic cystitis
This form is characterized by few symptoms and often a steady or undulating course.So the complications of chronic cystitis in men are as follows:
- leukocytosis in urine (increased number of white blood cells in urine);
- pyuria (pus in urine);
- proteinuria (protein excretion in urine exceeding normal levels);
- macroscopic or microscopic hematuria (presence of blood in the urine);
- Presence of mucus in urine.
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This form of cystitis has many symptoms.The main manifestations indicating the acute phase are as follows:
- frequent urination, including nocturia (nocturnal diuretic predominance);
- compulsive urge;
- stranguria (pain, difficulty urinating);
- cloudy urine;
- late-stage hematuria;
- fever, chills, reduced ability to work;
- pain, burning and burning during urination,
- pain in the suprapubic area, penis, groin, scrotum;
- decreased urine output (up to 10-20 ml);
- the development of incontinence;
- hematuria, hematuria, pyuria.
- intoxication (with hemorrhagic, necrotic or phlegmonous forms);
- cloudy urine, foul-smelling secretions, cuts and mucus with impurities.
Treatment
To prevent cystitis, it is very important to prevent cystitis in men.However, if you cannot protect yourself and the first signs of the disease appear, you need to see a specialist as soon as possible.Therapy is prescribed only after the urologist collects a complete medical history and conducts an examination.Acute cystitis, accompanied by severe pain and prolonged urinary retention, will require hospital treatment and detailed study of the processes occurring in the body to determine the type of pathogen causing the disease.The following are recommended as general therapy:
- Bed rest during the acute stage of the disease, use antipyretics, drink plenty of water (up to 2.5 liters per day), adhere to a diet without sour, spicy and salty foods in the diet.
- Antibiotics.Once the pathogen is identified, antimicrobial drugs are prescribed.The most common are fluoroquinolones, nitrofurans and cephalosporins.The medicine is taken for a week.
- Plant therapy.Diuretics and anti-inflammatory drugs are effective against cystitis.Herbal teas (mulberry tree, horsetail, lingzhi leaves) will be useful for this disease.These medications have a supportive effect and help reduce inflammation.You should be aware of the possibility of allergic reactions to herbs.Cranberry juice or juice will be beneficial;Tablets containing cranberry extract are effective.These drugs reduce the concentration of antibiotics, so they can be used after the end of treatment.
- Antispasmodics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs will help relieve pain.
- Some sexually transmitted diseases can lead to cystitis in men.Treatment regimen is prescribed by a specialist.
- Immunomodulators and probiotics.Such remedies help the body recover after a course of antibiotics.They are not directly involved in treating the disease.Immunomodulators help the body fight pathogens, and probiotics restore intestinal microflora.
- The course of treatment depends on accompanying diseases, such as pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, glandular resection, prostatitis.Treatment of these diseases is necessary to cure cystitis.
- Bladder irrigation.In some cases, the use of antiseptics is recommended for this procedure;the use of novocaine blockade is effective.
- Physical therapy.At the end of the acute phase of the disease, to accelerate the body's recovery and resorption processes, ultrasound, UHF, mud therapy, magnetic laser therapy and electrophoresis are used.